6/30 Robaina Affirms that Cuba is ready to Accept  Cuba’s Foreign Minister, Roberto Robaina stated that Cuba was ready to accept all conditions of the European Union (EU) to have Cuba be part of the LOME Convention. "If we weren’t prepared, then we wouldn’t have started the process to become observers in the LOME Convention", said Robaina.

6/30 Cuba-US Hold Immigration Talks.  The US and Cuba held a new round of talks regarding immigration issues. The talks took place in New York, but no new issues were discussed.

6/29 Honduras Reconsiders Relations with Cuba Honduran’s Minister J. Fernando Martinez stated that "Honduras is studying the re-establishment of diplomatic relations with Cuba". Citing that times have changed, Martinez mentioned that it is time to consider re-establishing relations that were severed 37 years ago.

6/26 Journal of Commerce-Positive Signs.  An editorial in the Journal of Commerce said that signs are everywhere that ice is beginning to break "on the most anachronistic relic of the cold war-the U.S. trade embargo of Cuba". -The article was reprinted in The Miami Herald.

6/xx Brazil’s Minister Raises Human Rights Issue. Caribbean Today reported that Brazilian Foreign Minister, Luis Felipe Lampreira had held an unprecedented meeting in Havana with a well-known Cuban dissident and human rights activist (Elizardo Sanchez). His meeting with Sanchez clearly indicated that Brazil intended to give increased attention to human rights in its relations with Cuba.

6/25 Castro Throws "Flowers" Toward Clinton.  During a reception offered in the house of the Mexican Ambassador, as part of a visit by Rosario Green, the Mexican Foreign Minister, Fidel Castro said that Bill Clinton was an "intelligent man of peace and high morals". "I believe that he wants to do positive things. I heard on some of his speeches that he has just social programs". He said. "Since he doesn’t have to run again, he feels freer, he wants to reach a high level of history of the Presidents of the United States". According to various analysts, Castro appeared to suggest that Clinton could create a legacy with a change in policy toward Cuba.

6/23 Spain Announces New Investments.  Spain’s Minister of Industry announced that Spain will make greater efforts to complement the presence of Spanish firms, now mostly small and medium sized companies, with large Spanish firms. In 1997 Spain’s bilateral trade with Cuba was $600 million. Spain sold $474 million and imported $120 million in products. Spain sells primarily individual products, hotel equipment and light machinery, while it imports tobacco, rum, coffee and Sugar.
Investments have been primarily in the tourism sector, where Spain has invested a total of $4,500 million (Note: ??-Possibly pesetas)

6/23 French Government Intensifies Investments. The French Minister of Transportation, Jean-Claude Gayssot, announced direct flights to Havana via Air France as a symbol of growing bilateral relations.

6/22 Cuban Government says its Illegal to Become Rich. Abel Acosta Damas, in charge of direct employment stated that "no one that works in a legal way can become rich". The number of self-employed was 154,438 at the end of April; not counting 11,000 private truck or taxi drivers and 6,000 arrendadores. In 1996 there were 198,000 registered self-employees.

6/22 Castro Salutes Clinton’s Declarations. Fidel Castro classified recent words of President Clinton as "constructive"-referring to Clinton’s opposition to unilateral sanctions against other countries. Castro said that it was "curious" that Clinton also mentioned that food should not be subject to sanctions.

6/22 Herald OP-ED Neutral to Embargo.  Oswaldo Paya wrote about the lack of positive response by the Cuban government and the present suffering of the Cuban people.

A new business conference, coordinated by Kirby Johnes, President of Alamar Associates, will take place in Cancun, Mexico and Havana on September 9-12, 1998.

6/20 Vision for Christian Cuba Reports on Conditions.  Various pastors and members of Vision for a Christian Cuba reported on recent trips to Cuba:

-Transportation is a major hurdle everywhere
-Lack of drinking water is a critical problem

Black market is rampant

-Religious believers continue to become marginalized and pressured
-Petty crime is so rampant that the government has resorted to home arrests
-The government can’t take care of the elderly, asking churches to develop elderly homes.

6/xx CubaNews Scores Recent Cuban Victories.  CubaNews summarized Cuban diplomatic offensive victories in wake of Pope’s visit. They include:

6/18 US Lawmakers See Loopholes in US-EU Cuba Pact. Key US lawmakers told the Clinton Administration that loopholes in the US-European agreement on Cuba must be fixed before they will consider waivers under the Helms-Burton law.
Under the agreement reached by US-EU negotiations, the EU agreed to adopt certain "disciplines" to inhibit and deter investments by its businessmen in illegally expropriated properties. In return, the US Government agreed to approach congress to seek the waiver of sanctions which could be leveled against foreign investors in Cuba who "trafficked" in expropriated, formerly us-owned properties.

6/18 Embargo Violators Prosecuted. Two Miami women; Diptsy Molina Tamayo and Maritza Villavicencio were arrested for buying ten shiploads of cement from Cuba and selling them in Brazil for about $5 million.

6/17 Cuban Planes Allowed to Fly Over US. The US Government has allowed Cuban planed to fly to Canada over US territory. The agreement was reached a few days before the Montreal based-International Civil Aviation Organization-The U.N.’s civil aviation organization was to hear a complaint made by the Cubans two years ago. TheU.S. hopes to gain some concessions from Cuba on other aviation issues. The US had cited national security concerns for not allowing fly-overs.

6/17 Head of Socialist Party in Cuba. The president of La Internacional Socialista (International Socialist Party) was in Cuba as a guest of the Cuban Communist Party (Note: Eloy Gutierrez Menoyo’s "Cambio Cubano" is part of the International Socialist Party. Cuba only has one party allowed by their constitution-The Communist Party.)

6/15 Herald Debates US Embargo-Again. The Miami Herald publishes pro & con editorials on abolishing the embargo (Note: 1/23)

6/15 Brazilians Protest Against Apparent Change.  A group of intellectuals marched in protest of what they feel is a sudden change in Brazil’s politics regarding Cuba. Citing a recent statement by President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, where he appeared to set conditions for Cuba to be reintegrated into the OAS, and Foreign Minister Luiz Felipe Lampreia visit with Cuban dissidents during a recent trip to Havana.

6/15 Gorbachev Criticizes the US Embargo on Cuba.  Speaking in San Juan, Puerto Rico, former Russia’s president Mijail Gorbachev asked the US to soften its embargo against Cuba. "I consider it a shame that the embargo continues", he said, "If the embargo is lifted, soon there would be a process for democratization in Cuba", he added.

6/11 Canadian Ambassador to US Expects New US Policy. Canada’s ambassador to the US, Raymond Chretien, during an interview with Knight-Ridder, predicted that a window for change would open immediately after the midterm U.S. election in November. He says that recent events are creating an opening for Washington to change its Cuba policy.

6/11 Italy Says Cuba Need Not Worry.  Italy’s Foreign Minister, Lamberto Dini, during a visit to Havana stated that "Cuba has nothing to be concerned about the recent EU agreement with Washington. In effect, the effects of the (Helms-Burton) law have been neutralized.

6/8 Germany Rejects Cuba Entry into ACP.  Germany rejected Cuba’s entry into the African, Caribbean and pacific states organization as an observer. Luxembourg abstained from voting. Citing that it was not the "proper moment", Werner Hoyer, the German secretary objected to Cuba’s entry following the official petition from Spain’s Foreign Minister Abel Matutes. Hoyer based the objection on the U.S. recent effort to accommodate the EU in recent negotiations, and that it could create some-type of negative reaction by the US Congress.

6/4 Canadian Credit Card Transactions.  As one of the benefits of Canada’s Prime Minister Jean Chretien’s recent visit to Cuba, arrangements were made for Canadian Credit Card Transcard to be available to Cubans to ease the use of hard currency remittances from abroad.

6/4 Small band of Exiles Sneaks into Cuba.  A small group of exiles lead by 73 yr. Old Ernestino Abreu, landed in the north part of Pinar del Rio but were quickly apprehended by the Cuban authorities.

6/3 Exile Groups Sign New Document.  Exile organizations signed a new document expressing their agreement against Castro. The new document includes the signature of CANF.

6/2 U.S. Seeks to Bar Cuba Debate at OAS.  The U.S. is seeking to exclude Cuba from a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Caracas. Leading the charge for discussion was Rosario Green of Mexico, who said that "ignoring the problem won’t make it go away." Several Latin American states have argued that permitting a high-profile visit to Cuba by Pope John Paul II, President Fidel Castro has gone some way toward the liberalization that the OAS has demanded. Later debate on Cuba was "frozen."

6/2 Cuba To Allow Treasure Hunt.  The Sun-Sentinel announced that the Canadian companies Terrawest Industries of Vancouver, and Visa Gold Resources of Toronto would participate in the search of treasures from sunken ships around Cuba. The Cuban American National Foundation (CANF) announced their objection.

5/24 Article Calls EU Deal a Total Victory.  In an article appearing in the Miami Herald, reporter Jonathan Miller said that the view in Brussels, at the EU headquarters, is that the deal is almost a complete victory for Europe. As far as EU companies are concerned, there is now a clear green light for a stampede onto the Island. Spain is investing $100 million in Cuba this year, much of it in the tourist industry, which in turn is sparking a Cuban construction and employment boom.

5/24 Armada of U.S. Yachts Headed for Havana.  A total of 226 ships with 1,053 people headed to Havana from Tampa as part of the Havana Cup regatta.

5/22 Guatemala Announces Negotiations for Embassy.  The Vice-Minister of Foreign Relations of Guatemala, Josefina Morales announced that Guatemala is negotiating with Cuba the opening of an Embassy in Havana.

5/22 Private Transportation.  The Spanish company "El Grupo Alsa" announced that it is negotiating with various Cuban Empresas the possibility of operating a private bus service.

5/22 The Miami Herald Editorial-Against Agreement.  The Miami Herald said that "some good may come of the agreement, but beyond that, the deal hardly advances a frustrating situation." The Herald called the agreement a "Band-Aid."

5/20 Castro Condemns Agreement.  During his speech before the World Trade Organization, Castro called the recent agreement between the EU and the USA "unethical". Castro put the cost of the 37-year old U.S. economic embargo against his country at $60 billion. Any settlement of differences between the United States and the European Union should not come at the expense of Cuba, he said. Such a settlement "would be an inconceivable dishonor for Europe."

5/19 Castro Gives Clinton Standing ovation.  In what is viewed in diplomatic circles as a very positive sign, after a speech by President Clinton to the World Trade Organization, Castro gave the President a standing ovation.

5/19 U.S., Europe Compromise on Sanctions Against Cuba.  The Clinton administration and the European Union agreed to terms on Helms Burton.
Under the deal, Clinton agreed to ask Congress for the ability to waive Title IV of Helms-Burton, which requires the president to bar from the USA foreign executives if they invest in properties in Cuba that are claimed by U.S. citizens.
In return, Clinton got an EU commitment to strengthen the protection of property rights in Cuba and around the world by denying government loans, subsidies or political risk insurance to businesses that invest, and to start an international registry that would give victims of illegal expropriation a tool to press their case in Europe and would keep investors off-limits to such properties. But the deal was met with profound skepticism in Congress. Opinions were mixed as to whether the deal would inhibit new investment in Cuba. Congress must approve any changes to Helms-Burton.

5/17 Castro Warns European Union.  While in Geneva Castro warned that the proposed resolution between the U.S. and the EU regarding the Helms Burton law was not acceptable.

5/16 Catholic Church Says No To Helms Bill.  The Cuban Catholic Church announced their rejection of the humanitarian bill proposed by Sen. Jesse Helms. The church mentioned that they have never distributed humanitarian assistance derived from governments. The church added that the proposed "assistance" is not in concert with the requests made by Pope John Paul during his recent visit.

5/16 Chief of Interest Section Announces Investments in Cuba.  Fernando Remirez de Estenoz, Chief of Cuba’s Interest Section in Washington, announced that 190 foreign companies have made investments in the island. He added that 650 foreign companies are present in Cuba, and that 28 have commercial offices in the island. Cuba has commercial relations with 138 countries.

5/15 Castro Applauds Clinton.  While in Geneva for the meeting of the World Health Organization noted that "no President of the United States has ever talked about the situation in Cuba as Clinton". "Clinton recognizes our health and education system", he added.

5/14 Direct Humanitarian Flights will Resume in June.  The administration announced the immediate resumption of direct humanitarian flights to Cuba for humanitarian cargo such as food and medicines donated by U.S. relief groups. Direct flights carrying passengers to Cuba are slated to resume in June.

5/14 Castro in Geneva-Would Like to Meet with Clinton.  While in Geneva for a meeting of the World’s`Health Organization, Castro mentioned during a TV interview that he would not mind meeting with Clinton.

5/14 Agricultural Cooperative (Labor Union) Bejuquera Demands Changes.  The Communist Part of Cuba (PCC) agreed to meet with a group of agricultural workers in Guantanamo.

5/13 Sol Melia to Build New Hotels.  The Spanish Company Sol Melia announced that they would build four new luxury hotels in Cuba. The additional hotels will represent 1,375 hotel rooms under management.

5/12 Sen. Jesse Helms and CANF formalize Aid Proposal.  Sen. Jesse Helms and the Cuban American National Foundation have formalized a proposed law (the bill "the act of solidarity and assistance to Cuba of 1998) to distribute $100 million in humanitarian assistance to Cuba. The law also calls for transmission of Radio Marti from Guantanamo Bay, as well as a number of additional reports and conditions (U.S. attorney general to indict the Cuban leader for the 1996 shoot down of two planes; administration to report twice per year on labor conditions, Cuba’s alleged used of narcotics and money laundering) from the federal government. The bill has yet to win the endorsement of Congress’ three Cuban-American lawmakers.

5/12 Presbyterian Church Asks for End to Embargo.  The North American Presbyterian Church asked President Clinton to end all punitive laws against Cuba and insisted that negotiations with the Cuban government should begin to reestablish diplomatic relations.

5/11 France Supports Cuba’s Admission to ACP Countries.  French Minister Charles Josselin announced their support of Cuba as an observer of the African Caribbean and Pacific States (trade group that links the former colonies with the European Union). France believes that more ties will encourage economic and political reforms on the communist island.

5/10 Sheehan-It’s Time to Bridge U.S.-Cuba Divide.  In an article written for the Washington Post, retired U.S. Marine General, and former Chief, U.S. Atlantic Command, Jack Sheehan, called for steps to improve US-Cuba relations. Sheehan called for approval of trade for food and medicine.

5/9 Menendez Blames Republicans.  U.S. Rep. Dem.-Bob Menendez (NJ) blamed the Republican majority for "loading" the Ways & Means Committee hearing with 14 witnesses who spoke in favor of lifting sanctions against Cuba. Diario Las Americas. Menendez accused the Republicans with being more interested in the profits of multi-national corporations than on the repression of the Cuban people.

5/8 A House Hearing Against Embargo.  A hearing of the trade subcommittee of the Ways and Means Committee appeared to boost the prospects of legislation to lift U.S. restrictions on food and medicine sales to Cuba. Congress’ three Cuban-American lawmakers objected to the list of 20 speakers from business, trade and humanitarian groups in which only they and one Clinton administration official defended the policy.

5/7 Lawmakers ask to Expedite Licenses for Cuban Vaccine.  A bipartisan group of 16 lawmakers has asked the Clinton administration to quickly approve licenses for a British drug firm to use its American-owned laboratories to test a Cuban vaccine.

5/7 Miami Herald op-ed: Medicine and Morality.  The Miami Herald called for approval of a license to grant permission to test a meningitis-B vaccine developed in Cuba. The Herald said that saying yes to the tests potentially could save American lives. It recognized that it could also lead to millions in profit to Castro’s regime.

5/7 Pentagon Stands by Report on Cuba.  A seven page, unclassified report by the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), which was prepared in consultation with the CIA and other intelligence agencies, portrays a severely diminished Cuban military that poses a "negligible" threat to the United States and its neighbors.

5/7 President Clinton Wishes for Reconciliation with Cuba (Note: answer to Castro?)  During a press conference with Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi, Clinton stated that "nothing would please me more than to see some base to do more. I believe that all north Americans wish for a reconciliation with Cuba, because of the blood ties that it has with this country and because of its proximity to us".
"As you know, other measures that I could take are subject to approval by the Helms-Burton Law. And besides, there have been contradictory actions by the Cuban government as to their real desire to a coming together by the governments, maybe commercial, but it must also include what is important for us" he added, "What is important to us is a movement toward liberty, human rights and a democratic system". "These things don’t have to happen from one day to the other, but they must happen. There must be a clear signal".
" I understand the desire of the Cuban government to maintain its medical system, its commitment to complete alphabetization, inclusive of its poor citizens, this is proper and commendable".

A multinational drug firm (SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals) has asked the administration for permission to test a vaccine developed in Cuba to fight meningitis B, a sometimes-fatal disease that particularly affects young people.

Dr. Nancy Rosenstein, a meningitis expert at the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta, said that each year about 1,000 people in the United States contract meningitis B, and roughly 120 people die.

The administration dilemma comes as U.S. officials are scrambling to ease restrictions on the sale of U.S. medicines in Cuba.

As reported by Reuters, Fidel Castro stated that the recent "embargo softening" steps from Washington are positive, and that only opposition within the U.S. is stopping further progress. "There is no doubt that the President of the United States is trying to exercise steps, but he faces resistance".

"I have the impression that many north American lawmakers are feeling guilty with what is happening", said Castro, "but it is indisputable that they themselves have created a mess that is so large that they look like a fly intertwined into a web as it relates to the blockade because they can not move".

"Some say that the revolution can be changed by other methods", said Castro, "we accept the challenge! come forward with the other methods. Nothing is going to happen".

Colombia’s President, Ernesto Samper called for the readmission of Cuba into the Organization of American States and criticized the US for its embargo against Cuba, saying "political opening can not be obtained with an economic blockade that discourages the desires and penalizes directly the Cuban people".

President Clinton immediately rejected the proposal, saying that it would be an error that would weaken democracy in the continent.

Canada Prime Minister Jean Chretien visited Cuba for two days this week, but The Herald called the trip "undeserved legitimacy" because the op-ed says Chretien "as many others have been treated to a classic Fidel Castro burla, a cynical mocking".

By a margin of 51-49 the senate approved a bill that would prohibit help for countries who provide Cuba with nuclear fuel, or who cooperate with Cuba on the completion of its nuclear plant in Juragua. The bill had other attachments dealing with information to congress on Cuba treaties. President Clinton may veto the bill.

Calling it the "brother that is missing", the OAS representatives from Venezuela and Colombia called for Cuba’s re-integration to not only the OAS, but also to all the systema interamericano (inter-American trade systems).

Canada’s Prime Minister Jean Chretien visit to Cuba was wrapped in modest business goals. Castro used the opportunity to defend his legal system and become more bellicose than ever by calling the embargo "a new version of the Holocaust". (Note: seems to me that Castro’s over-reaction and Chretien’s apparent weakness may be indication that Chretien went to Cuba representing Clinton as part of a dialogue).

Retired Marine General John Sheehan spoke concerning a visit to Cuba and a meeting with Fidel Castro. Calling him a moderate and charming.

Mexico became more aggressive in its call for Cuba to reenter the OAS. During a speech by Mexico’s new ambassador, Claude Heller, he called for the reintegration, while the USA representative, Victor Marrero called the discussion "not productive" as long as there are not democratic changes in the island.

In two different stories basically covering the same ground, the Miami Herald summarized the recent developments, which they claim illustrate a trend. Juan Tamayo says of the trend "dramatically eroding US efforts to isolate the island". Trend includes:

According to some, the Pope’s visit and his call to "let Cuba open itself to the world, and let the world open itself to Cuba", made it morally acceptable to engage in Cuba, and explains the explosion of international efforts to contact Cuba.

In a story by Andres Oppenheimer he added that Secretary of State Madeleine Albright conceded that the Pope’s visit has changed the political atmosphere, and that the Clinton administration is considering new measures beyond its recent decision to resume humanitarian flights (note: important comment)

"We have to explore, because Helms-Burton is a very tight legislation", she said, "but one of the things we are going to do is work with Congress to try to find additional ways to send food and medicine there".

House Speaker Newt Gingrich (speaking to the Florida House) criticized President Clinton’s recent overtures to Cuba because they did not include demands for democratic elections. He said that he would like to lift the economic embargo and implement a Marshall Plan-style initiative to restore the economy but only if Castro holds free elections.

For the first time in seven years, the United Nations Human Rights Commission voted not to condemn Cuba. (Note: can this really happen without US backing?). Final voting was 19 against, 16 for and 18 abstentions.

During a speech at the Summit of the Americas, Cardoso made a stronger than usual speech on Cuba, asking for steps toward democracy. The Brazilian press saw this as a Brazilian change in its policy towards Cuba and lambasted him/

The European Union is dropping its legal challenge to the USA’s Helms-Burton Act, which imposes penalties on companies using US properties in Cuba that were seized by Castro’s government.

Chief US negotiator, Stuart Eizenstat insisted that dropping the formal legal action was not part of a quiet deal to defang the law. (Note: probably exactly-important development).

Both President Clinton and Carlos Menem and Guido Di Tella and Madeleine Albright secretaries of State held separate conversations regarding Cuba during the Summit of the Americas conference in Santiago, Chile.

In answer of what appears to be a barrage of support for Cuba’s reintegration into the OAS, National Security Advisor, Samuel Berger, stated that the USA would not consider Cuba’s return. Today’s Cuba can not return because we would have to throw out again right away because there is a democracy clause.

Berger none the less, clarified that his country did not have veto power and that this would be a decision of the majority of the members, if these wish to admit Cuba who was suspended in 1962. (Note: the tone)

Speaking at a press conference in Buenos Aires, Argentina, President Clinton said "I don’t believe that we should normalize relations with Cuba until its government commits itself in an unequivocal way towards democracy".

Andres Vargas Gomez, writing for the El Nuevo Herald, exposed his theory that the Vatican was promoting renewed relations between the USA and Cuba in exchange for greater concessions for the church. Vargas Gomez recalls recent trips to the Vatican by Cuba’s foreign minister Robaina and two trips by US Secretary of State Albright, as well as a recent trip by Cuba’s second in command, Raul Castro.

A spokesman for Cuba’s foreign Ministry, Alejandro Gonzalez, stated that Cuba would only return to the OAS if no conditions are demanded (Note: why a spokesman? who is he?).

Writer Jose Luis Varela pointed to a series of organizations that are willing to accept Cuba’s participation, included:

PWN Exhibition International has obtained a Treasury Department license to travel to Cuba to arrange an exhibition of products from 100 to 200 U.S. health companies. PWN President Peter Nathan said that at least 100 American firms already have expressed interest in participating. PWN is located in Connecticut.

The United States abstained from the acceptance of Cuba to the Caribbean Community, or CARICOM, a close economic association of Caribbean states.

Asked if CARICOM would accept Cuba as a member, Trinidad and Tobago Prime Minister, Basdeo Panday replied: "If Cuba applies, it will be considered. We don’t see Cuba as a problem".

Asked to comment on possible Cuban membership in CARICOM, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright told reporters, "Obviously, it is up to CARICOM." But she made it clear this was not a prospect pleasing to the Clinton administration.

In an interview with Granma International, Mario Michel, the deputy prime minister of Saint Lucia said that "Our two countries are on this path, the minister of health was recently here. The foreign minister had been here before him. Soon the ministers of agriculture and tourism will be coming to Cuba. In May, if the bilateral cooperation agreement is ready, Prime Minister Kenny Anthony will make an official visit to Cuba to sign it personally".

St. Kitts-Nevis Prime Minister Denzil Douglas, has returned from Havana with three bilateral cooperation agreements. Although Cuba has not applied for membership in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), Douglas reiterated that "There is no doubt in my mind that my Caribbean colleagues are awaiting an application".

The Pentagon has concluded that Cuba poses no significant threat to U.S. national security, and senior defense officials increasingly favor engaging their island counterparts to reduce existing tensions, reported The Miami Herald.

John Sheeham, retired marine general advocates lifting the ban on U.S. food and medical sales to Cuba and urges professional contacts among senior military officers of both countries. He said Cuba is plainly in transition and it behooves the USA to ensure that it remains peaceful. (Note: 3/11/98)

More that 100 Cuban Americans organized by the Cuban Committee for Democracy will travel to Washington in support of a bill allowing the direct sale of food and medicine to Cuba. Silvia Wilhelm, the CCD’s Executive Director has offices in Miami and Washington..

House of Representatives approved 234-172 sanctions against countries that help Cuba complete a nuclear power plant in Juragua, Cienfuegos. The senate version will be brought before the senate in a few months.

The Washington Post criticized President Clinton for not working hard enough to end the embargo but instead trying to minimize the possibility of opposition by some Cuban Americans by wrapping himself in the Pope’s Mantle.

The Post believes that the main purpose of an embargo is to "drive common citizens to revolt", but that in the last 40 years the embargo has not lead to overthrow the regime. They believe that the problem of the embargo itself remains to be addressed.

A 31-page UN report; prepared by Swedish human rights expert Carl Johan Groth, cited findings of the American Association for World Health that shows malnutrition (in Cuba) has grown since the embargo, while access to safe drinking water and medicine has diminished.

(Note: Castro’s government has not allowed Groth into the country-the report was based on interviews)

The report stated that the longstanding U.S. embargo against Cuba has provided Havana with a "ready pretext" for repressing its people.

Secretary of State Madeline Albright expressed the measurements to help "promote a peaceful transition in Cuba". Albright described four changes, which according to her will "help strongly the Catholic Church to expand civil society and to reduce the dependence of the people with respect to the country". The four changes include:

The new proposal is drawing a mixed reaction, with strong opposition from Se. Jessy helms, R-NC, Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and two Cuban-born Republican Congresspersons from Florida. (Note: the announcement cuts-off Helms recently announced proposal). Several democratic lawmakers and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce expressed support.

Marc Thiessen, a Helms’ spokesman, said, it was a "serious mistake" for the administration to implement Cuba policy by executive order (Note Thiessen on 3/10 and 1/28) at a time when Helms was trying to achieve a bi-partisant consensus for a humanitarian relief program for Cuba. Also supportive were Sen. Christopher Dodd, D-Conn, who said the proposals will put American Policy "on a higher moral standard". (Note: Dodd’s bill on medicine and food).

Fidel Castro described the easing of U.S. sanctions against Cuba "really positive and constructive" in an interview with CNN. The measures "will help create a better climate in relations between the United States and Cuba", Castro added, following statements from the White House.

CNN reported that a senior administration official said Clinton is expected to announce that CubanAmericans will be able to send up to $300 every three months (Note: same policy as before the shooting of the planes in 1996) to relatives and friends in Cuba. Direct flights between the US and Cuba carrying humanitarian goods and some passengers, coordinated through the Catholic Church will also be allowed (Note: also same policy as before).

The 15-member Caribbean and Pacific State Organization (ACP) endorsed Cuba for membership in the collection of former European Colonies that receive special benefits from the European Union.

Secretary of State, Madeleine Albright wrote OPEDs for the Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald with the following points:

El Nuevo Herald reported that the University of Florida and Havana University will conduct a conference on March 31, 1998 in Washington to report the results of a three year study on agricultural impact on Florida and Cuba after the embargo.

El Nuevo Herald published OP-ED by Ariel Hidalgo calling the return of Cuba to the Organization of American States (OAS).

Rep. Ros-Lehtinen has prepared a bill in Congress to prohibit assistance to countries that provide economic assistance to Cuba. The bill would obligate the president to invoke Title IV of the Helms-Burton Law.

A group of prominent Americans, including Gen. John Sheehan, former Supreme Allied Commander, Atlantic for NATO and Commander in Chief of the U.S. Atlantic Command, former Rhode Island Dem. Senator Claiborne Pell, Baltimore Mayor Kurt Schmoke and Cuban American Lawyer Mario Baeza (Note: Clinton supporter and almost Under Sec. of State). The key to the visit is to evaluate the impact of legislation proposed in Congress to ease the U.S. trade embargo against Cuba by allowing humanitarian sale of U.S. food and medicines to the Caribbean Island.

In a document & report by Roger Noriega, the Chief Advisor to Sen. Jesse Helms, President of the Senate Committee on External Relations; Marc Thiessen, spokesman for the senate, and Caleb McCarry, Latin America expert for the office of Benjamin Gelman, President of the International Relations of the House of Representatives (Note: Remember their meeting with Alarcon after the Pope-1/28/98). It was recommended that new humanitarian assistance to the Cuban people include:

The report added that everything that they experienced during their visit was agreeable surprises. "There was not one Cuban that reacted in "Non-amicable was toward us".

Canada and Mexico stated their support for the re-integration of Cuba into the Organization of American States (OAS), where Cuba was suspended in 1962. Canada’s OAS ambassador Peter Boehm stated "the best way to create changes in Cuba is through dialogue and flexibility".(Note: 2/28)

The Miami Herald reported that for humanitarian reasons, US companies should be allowed to sell medicine and food to Cuba. In summary The Herald mentioned that "Cracks are visible in Cuba’s system. The openings provide realistic hope for change now. To protect itself from the horror of a Ceausescu-style transition, and to plant seeds for future relations with a free, self-determined Cuba, the United States should waste no-time in fine-tuning its overbroad embargo"

The Secretary General of the Organization of American States (OAS) called for a solution to the Cuban problem through a dialogue. Gaviria asked for flexibility in dealing with Cuba.

The Cuban American National Foundation (CANF) explained its "Food for Peace" program, known as PL-480, the help would be distributed to a non-governmental organization, probably through the Catholic Church, would be identified as help from the United States by U.S. vessels. (Note: there is a ban on ships to Cuba).

The Miami Herald published a lengthy report dealing with the weakening of the Cuban American National Foundation (CANF). The Herald noted that the CANF’s leadership appears to be lost in dealing with Congress, is divided and is loosing its grip as the exile leading organization.

The US State Department notified three foreign oil companies_two British and one Canadian that they are subject to penalties for doing business on properties in Cuba that were confiscated from Americans. The British companies are Premier Oil and British Borneo. The Canadian firm is Gen Oil. (Note: this is not inconsistent. The State Dept. will act if there is a direct complaint-assume that Masvidal has complained).

Since the Helms-Burton law was enacted two years ago, the U.S. has taken steps to revoke the visas of people identified with Sheritt International Corp. of Canada, The BM Group of Israel and CEMEX, the Mexican Cement Company.

The Department of Humanitarian Assistance of the European Community (ECHO) announced the shipment of 660,000 liters of Soy Oil to Cuba as part of a humanitarian program. The humanitarian act includes 318 tons of canned meats, 240 tons of powder milk and other. It is estimated that the humanitarian act will help over 2 million people at a cost of $9 million.

Cuban bishops called for a broader discussion with the government of President Fidel Castro and an increased role for the church in helping the island’s needy. The bishops also invited the exile community to contribute to Cuba’s progress in a "climate of positive dialogue and mutual understanding".

Francisco "Pepe" Hernandez, President of CANF called a group of 40 exile organizations "hypocrites" for attacking their proposal to send federal food and medical aid to Cuba.

Congress’ three Cuban-American lawmakers and the leading exile lobby have agreed to end their dispute over a proposal to send federal food and medical aid to Cuba. The lawmakers denounced what one termed a "blitzkrieg pace" by advocates of friendly gestures toward Havana in the wake of Pope John Paul II’s visit to the island.

Cuba is releasing dozens of prisoners whose freedom was sought by Pope John Paul II during his trip to the Communist Island last month, the Vatican said today. State Department spokesman Michael Haan said that President Clinton has repeatedly expressed his interest in responding in a "calibrated" fashion. One US official said that the Administration would feel compelled to consider an U.S. response.

Argentine President Carlos Menem, one of the most vocal Latin American critics of Cuban President Fidel Castro, said in Miami that in light of the recent trip of the Pope to Cuba, he is reconsidering his previous stands on Cuba. Menem also stated that maybe he could play the role of a "friendly fixer" between the U.S. and Cuba.

British Prime Minister, Tony Blair who is also President of the European Union (E.U.) will ask President Clinton to re-consider the U.S. embargo against Cuba. The Prime Minister will also support the President on issues related to Iraq (Note: a deal??).

The U.S. Catholic Conference (of bishops) called on Washington to enact a law allowing the sale of U.S. food and medicine to the island. Citing important changes in Cuba, the bishops urged President Clinton to:

Television Mexicana (Televisa) announced that the Cuban government is about to grant them the second news bureau permit (next to CNN) after having helped the government broadcast the Pope’s visit at no cost.

1/29 Guatemala’s President offers to mediate

Guatemala’s President Alvaro Arzu has offered to act as a mediator in a proposed dialogue between the Cuban government and the Cuban Exile Community. Arzu stated that he was offering his services in response to the Popes recent comments regarding reconciliation between the two Cuban factors.

1/29 Lawmakers at odd with CANF

In an unprecedented act of opposition and defiance, the three Cuban-American U.S. Representatives in Washington, publicly disputed a proposal by Sen. Jessy Helms, R-NC and the Cuban-American National Foundation (CANF) to send U.S. food aid, to be distributed by the American Red Cross to needy Cubans.

The lawmaker’s stance underscores conflicting impulses among many Cuban-Americans in the wake of Pope John Paul II’s trip to Cuba. Reps. L. Diaz-Balart and I. Ros-Lehtinen said in a statement, that the humanitarian aid to Cuba was unnecessary and could create serious confusion regarding existing law.

(Teo’s Note: (1) confirms the lawmakers are worried by a bill now before Congress to lift the ban on sale of food and medicine. (2) The incident demonstrates for the first time that the CANF leadership is starting to make strategic mistakes)

1/28 Powerful Finance Institute to discuss Cuba

The powerful Institute for Infrastructure and Finance will conduct a roundtable meeting on March 26-27 in Buenos Aires to discuss financing and developing of infrastructure projects in Latin America and the Caribbean. The main item of discussion will be future infrastructure financing of projects in Cuba.

One of the keynote speakers will be the Chairman of Sheritt International (Ian Delaney) who will speak about his experience in Cuba. Invited is also Frank Soberon, President of the Central Bank of Cuba, and Vice-President Carlos Lage.

The institute members include among others, the World Bank and GE Capital.

1/28 Guatemala Renews Relations with Cuba

After 37 years of broken diplomatic relations, Guatemala has announced that they will restore relations with Cuba.

1/28 Helms Committee Negotiates with Cuba

Press accounts reported that three members of Jessy Helms Senate Foreign Relations staff met with Ricardo Alarcon, President of Cuba’s Parliament, to discuss the possibility of modifying the Helms-Burton Law. Mr. Alarcon confirmed the meeting, attended by Roger Noriega, Chief Counsel; Mark Thiesen and Charles McCurry.

1/27 Proposed Legislation Aimed at Neutralizing Support

A proposal aimed at neutralizing support for an end to restrictions on the Cuban sale of medicine and food was announced (being developed by) the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and the Cuban American National Foundation. Title II of the U.S. public law 480, a proposed Cuban Assistance and Relief Act, would increase the delivery of food and medicine donated by individuals and allows supply of food to needy Cubans. The proposed new legislation would authorize direct U.S. government assistance. Under the plan, the aid could be distributed only by non-governmental agencies. (Note: not even the E.U. allows for this!).

1/26 Strong Anti-Embargo Editorial

The Miami Herald re-prints a Wall Street Journal editorial by J. Vivanco and A. Manuel of the Americas division of Human Rights Watch. Calling for the lifting of the Cuba embargo.

1/25 Archbishop refutes Cuban government

The Catholic Archbishop from Stgo. de Cuba, Monsignor Pedro Meurice, defies the Cuban government by declaring that the country has been denied the right to free association and that it has confused the country with a political party. The declaration was given during the Papal visit in a nationally televised Mass. During the declaration, the Archbishop received repeated standing ovations from the large crowds. The national press called the declaration, the most explicit criticisms against the Cuban government during the same ceremony; the Pope called for the government to allow free association.

1/24 Pope rejects embargo and calls for reforms-What Cuba gained.

The Pope repeated his opposition to the U.S. embargo against Cuba and coupled his condemnation with a call for Cubans to stop blaming all their problems on the U.S. sanctions. Also in a speech to the Cuban government leaders, the Pope mentioned the necessity to invoke authentic reforms and not just gradual changes. The Pope’s visit has given the Cuban government an opportunity to showcase an apparently tolerant government in a country free of an existing crisis. In addition, it exposed a public solidarity with the catholic Church against the U.S. embargo.

1/23 Clinton hopes Pope visit will cause shift in policy

President Clinton says that he hoped that Pope John Paul II’s visit to Cuba will prompt a shift in President Fidel Casto’s policies that might help to improve U.S.-Cuba relations.

Clinton’s comment was the latest in recent series of seemingly positive gestures toward Cuba that has raised speculations he may be trying to reach an accommodation with Havana.

1/23 Herald debates U.S. embargo-again

The Miami Herald publishes pro & con editorials on abolishing the embargo.

1/22 Proposed New Anti-Embargo Bill

U.S. Senator Christopher Dodd (C-Conn) announces that he will introduce a bill in the senate aimed at lifting the U.S. embargo against Cuba.

1/22 Pope calls for Cuban opening

Pope John Paul II called on Cuba to "open itself to the world" and criticizes the U.S. embargo of the Island.

1/22 CBS poll favors embargo and diplomatic relations

In a survey of 1,900 of adults conducted Jan. 18-20 in the days preceding the Pope’s visit to Cuba, 46 percent of respondents said the economic embargo should continue (down from 56 percent in October 1996). 55-percent of the respondents said diplomatic relations with Cuba should be re-established. Perhaps demonstrating a lack of knowledge.

Other interesting results include: 71-percent said the trip would have little to do with the nation’s future direction. 59-percent had an unfavorable impression of Cuba. Fidel Castro had a paltry 2-percent favorable quotient. Only 23-percent said they would visit Cuba should travel restrictions be lifted (however, CBS did not asked about the rest of the Caribbean to make an effective comparison).

1/15 Joint-Cuban Groups Resolution

Thirty-one Cuban Exile Organizations, and seventeen dissident organizations in Cuba, published a ten-point joint resolution, as reforms required to a peaceful resolution to the Cuban situation. The resolution is similar to the steps required by the European Union to restore assistance to the Cuban government. Of note is the fact that the resolution does not insist on Fidel or Raul Castro stepping-aside.

1/15 Clinton Extends Waiver of Title III

President Bill Clinton extended the waiver of Title III of the Helms-Burton Act to deny Americans the right to sue foreign companies from doing business in confiscated properties in Cuba. Each waiver has a six-month life span, after which it expires unless it is renewed. Clinton has issued waivers in three previous occasions, and the next deadline is August 15.

Administration officials, speaking on the condition of anonymity, said the cooperation of U.S. allies in Europe and Latin America in promoting democracy and human rights in Cuba is cited as justification for extending the waiver.

1/15 White House to considers increasing humanitarian shipments

The news agency EFE announced that White House spokesman Mike McCurry stated that they will consult with Congress to investigate the possibility of increasing humanitarian assistance to Cuba within the Helms Burton Law. The agency reported that the initiative is in response to the announcement of a new coalition against the embargo.

1/14 Cuban Exiles investing in Cuba

The Miami Herald reported that following an investigation by the paper that Cuban exiles are discretely investing in Cuba by becoming part owners of various small restaurants (called "Paladares". The small restaurants serve meals to tourists for dollars.

1/14 CANF supports peaceful transition

The Cuban American National Foundation CANF (the strongest Cuban exile-lobbying group) published a resolution supporting a peaceful transition of the Cuban political problem. The text published in El Nuevo Herald and Diario Las Americas does not mention the removal of Fidel or Raul Castro as a condition.

1/14 New group formed to modify embargo

A group of business, government and religious leaders announced the creation of a coalition to press for ending the U.S. ban on sales of food and medicine to Cuba.

The group, called Americans for Humanitarian Trade With Cuba, includes David Rockefeller; Archer Daniels Midland Chairman Dwayne Andreas; and former U.S. officials Carla Hills, President Reagan’s trade representative, and Lloyd Bentsen, President Clinton’s first treasury secretary.

The new coalition is counting on pressure generated by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, and the National Council of Churches, which claims to represent 53 million Americans. A Cuban American, Hector Irastorza Jr., is the council’s executive director.

1/13 CSIS will publish anti-embargo report

The Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C. announced that they would publish a report showing the U.S. embargo against Cuba is damaging to U.S. interests. The CSIC will also demonstrate that the Cuban exile community is divided about the embargo (as shown by remittances to Cuba exceeding $800 million/yr.).

1/9 Clinton hopes Pope would improve relations

President Bill Clinton stated his desire that the visit to Cuba by Pope John Paul II will effect better relations between Washington and Havana. "The Pope is a very persuasive friend, and after all, he speaks for God", affirmed Clinton during a fund-raising event.

1/ 2 Herald debates U.S. embargo

The Miami Herald published editorials from Rep. Iliana Ros-Lehtinen R-Fla., and Edward B. Atkenson, Institute of Land Warfare of the Association of the U.S. Army in Arlington, Va. Debating the effect of the U.S. embargo against Cuba.

December New Bills would allow humanitarian trade

In November, Senator Christopher Dodd of Connecticut, and Republican Senators John Warner of Va., Robert Bennett of Utah, Rod Grams of Minnesota and James Jefford of Vermont, introduced SB1391, a bill that would remove U.S. restrictions on humanitarian trade with Cuba that have been in force since 1964. A companion Bill to "The Cuban Women and Children Humanitarian Relief Act" was introduced earlier this year by Reps. Esteban Torres, D-Calf. and James Leach, R-Iowa. The House legislation, known as HR 1951, has 89 sponsors. No action is expected on either bill until spring.

12/25 Los Angeles Times calls for change in policy

The Los Angeles Times published a strong editorial against the U.S. embargo. The Times said that suddenly, a handful of forces are coming together that could create historic change. It said that Congress should pay close attention to what Pope John Paul II has been able to achieve even before his planned visit to Cuba in January, and expressed that it’s time to examine the options.

12/23 Washington Post publishes criticism of exiles

The Washington Post reported that while Cuban Americans still say they support the embargo, their actions undermine it. The Catholic Church and other groups estimated recently that relatives abroad send as much as $1 billion a year to the island in cash and goods. The Post added that there are signs the Clinton administration is watching the Pope’s visit for possibilities of movement in U.S.-Cuba relations, despite recent statements by senior Clinton administration officials that there are no plans to modify the embargo.

12/22 Oppenheimer says defeat of embargo doesn’t have the votes

In the Oppenheimer Report written in the Miami Herald, Andres Oppenheimer reported that U.S. policy toward Cuba would not change despite new efforts and comments by President Clinton that he was ready to "work out an accommodation". Oppenheimer says thatVice President Al Gore, is likely to be stronger against Cuba than Clinton if he becomes president Some of Oppenheimer points include:

12/17 Canadian says exiles ready for a new Cuba

John Harbron of Toronto noted a series of points favoring a change in U.S.-Cuba politics:

December EU ready to postpone case against U.S.

CubaNews publishes a report stating that the European Union is prepared to postpone indefinitely the pressing of its case against Helms-Burton at the World Trade Organization if the United States agrees to continue to waive Title III (the provision that opens U.S. courts to lawsuits against companies over disputed Cuban properties). And if the U.S. refrains from imposing sanctions against, or targeting European companies with Title IV of the Helms Burton Act, which bars foreign investors in expropriated U.S. property in Cuba from entry into the United States.

12/2 U.S.-Cuba policy faces new challenges

The Washington correspondent for the Miami Herald wrote an excellent report dealing with the strength of the two sides debating the U.S. embargo of Cuba.

Left Emboldened by the recent death of exile leader Jorge Mas Canosa and by the Pope’s imminent visit to Cuba are preparing to challenge the economic embargo just two years after it was tightened.

Left The campaign is uniting traditional embargo foes with a disparate crew made up of moderate Republicans joined by business and religious groups.

Left The impact of their campaign may be to crack open the debate among exiles, politicians and Americans at large over whether the current policy is a Cold War relic.

Right Supporters of the 36-year U.S. ban on trade are better financed than opponents.

Right Are represented by all three Cuban-American lawmakers as well as key senators, including Foreign Relations Chairman Jessy Helms, R-N.C., and Florida Democrat Bob Graham.

Left Mas Canosa was uncompromising. Without his leadership and tenacity U.S. officials are going to find it easier to make changes or to begin to make changes.

Left The Pope’s visit is likely to draw attention to the precarious existence of ordinary Cubans, and bring new scrutiny of the U.S. strategy.

Left Many exiles are inclined to make exceptions for basic needs and, according to a United Nations estimate, they send as much as $800 million each year in relief to relatives.

Left The House version of the proposed Cuban Humanitarian Trade Act has 90 cosponsors most of them Democrats.

Right CANF is preparing a preemptive strike against the Torres-Dodd bill. They are beefing up its presence in the Capital and exploring ways to still spend undisclosed-but, by all accounts, sizable-sum left it by MasCanosa’s Estate.

Left There is a convergence of new voices favoring change. They include a growing number of influential Republicans like Sen. John Walker of Virginia. And some lawmakers, like Rep. Mark Sanford, SC, who voted for Helms Burton, have now changed their positions.

Left the U.S. business community who had remained on the sidelines on the Cuba debate is weighing in against the embargo as never before.

11/24 Mas Canosa dead at 58

Jorge Mas Canosa who ushered exile politics from the streets of Miami to the halls of Washington, died early yesterday morning. Mas Canosa became the most-influential Cuban power broker in South Florida. In 1981, Mas Canosa launched the Cuban American National Foundation. The tax-exempt foundation had a political action committee and lobbying arm.

The foundation’s first triumph was the creation of Radio Marti that broadcast news and entertainment to the island. Mas Canosa was utterly unyielding in his view that any effort to engage Havana in dialogue or trade was a trap laid by Castro himself. Those who questioned such a view often were hit by withering personal attacks from Mas Canosa and others, who occasionally accused them of racism or communist sympathies.

11/12 US Chamber Supports Senate Bill

The US Chamber of Commerce announced that it supports Senate Bill S 1391, the Cuban Women and Children Humanitarian Relief Act, introduced by Sen. John Warner and Christopher Dodd. The bill would allow the sale of medicine to Cuba.

11/9 Clinton wants better relations with Cuba

During the Television program "Meet The Press", President Clinton stated that "I still want that kind of relationship with Cuba (referring to the U.S. relationship with China), but we have to have some kind of indication that there will be an opening up, a movement toward democracy and openness and freedom if we’re going to do that".

11/6 Highlights S. 1391

Cuban Women and Children Humanitarian Relief Act

Fall Cuban Affairs says embargo hurts health

Cuban Affairs an Exile Organization publishes a report describing the U.S. embargo as quite damaging to the health of the Cuban people.

6/18 Highlights H.R. 1951

4/29 USA Engage Formed

A powerful and influential coalition of U.S. companies is joining with the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce in launching a campaign aimed at waging a battle on the political front against the sanctions established in the Helms-Burton Law. Other members include, the National Foreign Trade Council, Exxon, IBM, General Electric, Westinghouse, Mobil, Citicorp, and Allied Signal Ingresoll Rand.